D MANNITOL AR FOR BACTERIOLOGY

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Application:

Mannitol Salt Agar (MSA) is used as a selective and differential medium for the isolation and identification of Staphylococcus aureus from clinical and non-clinical specimens. It encourages the growth of a group of certain bacteria while inhibiting the growth of others

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Using Procedure:

Adults

10% to 20% continuous IV infusion at a rate of 25 to 75 mL/hour. Give IV loop diuretics prior to mannitol. Monitor cardiovascular status, urine output, serum electrolytes, and serum osmolarity during the infusion. In patients with symptomatic hyponatremia, 25 g IV bolus as a 20% solution every 1 hour as needed. Alternatively, 20% continuous IV infusion at a rate of 100 to 125 mL/hour.[31940] [31946] Other authors recommend 100 g IV as 10% to 20% solution over 2 to 6 hours. NOTE: Each 50 g of mannitol transfers 1,000 mL of water intracellularly to extracellularly.[31946]

Children† and Adolescents

Safety and efficacy have not been established; however, 0.5 to 2 g/kg IV of mannitol 15% to 20% over 2 to 6 hours has been used. Three children with nephrotic syndrome resistant to standard treatments, including diuretics, responded to daily administrations of 5 mL/kg IV of mannitol 20% over 1 hour. The patients also received a daily dose of furosemide 2 mg/kg.

Safety and efficacy have not been established; however, 0.5 to 2 g/kg IV of mannitol 15% to 20% over 2 to 6 hours has been used. Three children with nephrotic syndrome resistant to standard treatments, including diuretics, responded to daily administrations of 5 mL/kg IV of mannitol 20% over 1 hour. The patients also received a daily dose of furosemide 2 mg/kg.Adults

10% to 20% continuous IV infusion at a rate of 25 to 75 mL/hour. Give IV loop diuretics prior to mannitol. Monitor cardiovascular status, urine output, serum electrolytes, and serum osmolarity during the infusion. In patients with symptomatic hyponatremia, 25 g IV bolus as a 20% solution every 1 hour as needed. Alternatively, 20% continuous IV infusion at a rate of 100 to 125 mL/hour.[31940] [31946] Other authors recommend 100 g IV as 10% to 20% solution over 2 to 6 hours. NOTE: Each 50 g of mannitol transfers 1,000 mL of water intracellularly to extracellularly.[31946]

Children† and Adolescents†

Safety and efficacy have not been established; however, 0.5 to 2 g/kg IV of mannitol 15% to 20% over 2 to 6 hours has been used. Three children with nephrotic syndrome resistant to standard treatments, including diuretics, responded to daily administrations of 5 mL/kg IV of mannitol 20% over 1 hour. The patients also received a daily dose of furosemide 2 mg/kg.

Note:

tueujlfilfjdlkjfkfjljjflkfjdflkjThjThe ideal identification of Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolates requires a battery of tests and this is costly in resource limited settings. In many developing countries, the tube coagulase test is usually confirmatory for S. aureus and is routinely done using either human or sheep plasma.The ideal identification of Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolates requires a battery of tests and this is costly in resource limited settings. In many developing countries, the tube coagulase test is usually confirmatory for S. aureus and is routinely done using either human or sheep plasma.Due to the shortage of effective antibiotics against drug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, new targets are urgently required to develop next-generation antibiotics. We investigated mannitol-1-phosphate dehydrogenase of S. aureus USA300 (SaM1PDH), a key enzyme regulating intracellular mannitol levels, and explored the possibility of using SaM1PDH as a target for developing antibiotic. Since mannitol is necessary for maintaining the cellular redox and osmotic potential, the homeostatic imbalance caused by treatment with a SaM1PDH inhibitor or knockout of the gene encoding SaM1PDH results in bacterial cell death through oxidative and/or mannitol-dependent cytolysis.Due to the shortage of effective antibiotics against drug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, new targets are urgently required to develop next-generation antibiotics. We investigated mannitol-1-phosphate dehydrogenase of S. aureus USA300 (SaM1PDH), a key enzyme regulating intracellular mannitol levels, and explored the possibility of using SaM1PDH as a target for developing antibiotic. Since mannitol is necessary for maintaining the cellular redox and osmotic potential, the homeostatic imbalance caused by treatment with a SaM1PDH inhibitor or knockout of the gene encoding SaM1PDH results in bacterial cell death through oxidative and/or mannitol-dependent cytolysis.Due to the shortage of effective antibiotics against drug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, new targets are urgently required to develop next-generation antibiotics. We investigated mannitol-1-phosphate dehydrogenase of S. aureus USA300 (SaM1PDH), a key enzyme regulating intracellular mannitol levels, and explored the possibility of using SaM1PDH as a target for developing antibiotic. Since mannitol is necessary for maintaining the cellular redox and osmotic potential, the homeostatic imbalance caused by treatment with a SaM1PDH inhibitor or knockout of the gene encoding SaM1PDH results in bacterial cell death through oxidative and/or mannitol-dependent cytolysis.Due to the shortage of effective antibiotics against drug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, new targets are urgently required to develop next-generation antibiotics. We investigated mannitol-1-phosphate dehydrogenase of S. aureus USA300 (SaM1PDH), a key enzyme regulating intracellular mannitol levels, and explored the possibility of using SaM1PDH as a target for developing antibiotic. Since mannitol is necessary for maintaining the cellular redox and osmotic potential, the homeostatic imbalance caused by treatment with a SaM1PDH inhibitor or knockout of the gene encoding SaM1PDH results in bacterial cell death through oxidative and/or mannitol-dependent cytolysis.Due to the shortage of effective antibiotics against drug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, new targets are urgently required to develop next-generation antibiotics. We investigated mannitol-1-phosphate dehydrogenase of S. aureus USA300 (SaM1PDH), a key enzyme regulating intracellular mannitol levels, and explored the possibility of using SaM1PDH as a target for developing antibiotic. Since mannitol is necessary for maintaining the cellular redox and osmotic potential, the homeostatic imbalance caused by treatment with a SaM1PDH inhibitor or knockout of the gene encoding SaM1PDH results in bacterial cell death through oxidative and/or mannitol-dependent cytolysis.Due to the shortage of effective antibiotics against drug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, new targets are urgently required to develop next-generation antibiotics. We investigated mannitol-1-phosphate dehydrogenase of S. aureus USA300 (SaM1PDH), a key enzyme regulating intracellular mannitol levels, and explored the possibility of using SaM1PDH as a target for developing antibiotic. Since mannitol is necessary for maintaining the cellular redox and osmotic potential, the homeostatic imbalance caused by treatment with a SaM1PDH inhibitor or knockout of the gene encoding SaM1PDH results in bacterial cell death through oxidative and/or mannitol-dependent cytolysis.Due to the shortage of effective antibiotics against drug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, new targets are urgently required to develop next-generation antibiotics. We investigated mannitol-1-phosphate dehydrogenase of S. aureus USA300 (SaM1PDH), a key enzyme regulating intracellular mannitol levels, and explored the possibility of using SaM1PDH as a target for developing antibiotic. Since mannitol is necessary for maintaining the cellular redox and osmotic potential, the homeostatic imbalance caused by treatment with a SaM1PDH inhibitor or knockout of the gene encoding SaM1PDH results in bacterial cell death through oxidative and/or mannitol-dependent cytolysis.Due to the shortage of effective antibiotics against drug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, new targets are urgently required to develop next-generation antibiotics. We investigated mannitol-1-phosphate dehydrogenase of S. aureus USA300 (SaM1PDH), a key enzyme regulating intracellular mannitol levels, and explored the possibility of using SaM1PDH as a target for developing antibiotic. Since mannitol is necessary for maintaining the cellular redox and osmotic potential, the homeostatic imbalance caused by treatment with a SaM1PDH inhibitor or knockout of the gene encoding SaM1PDH results in bacterial cell death through oxidative and/or mannitol-dependent cytolysis.Due to the shortage of effective antibiotics against drug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, new targets are urgently required to develop next-generation antibiotics. We investigated mannitol-1-phosphate dehydrogenase of S. aureus USA300 (SaM1PDH), a key enzyme regulating intracellular mannitol levels, and explored the possibility of using SaM1PDH as a target for developing antibiotic. Since mannitol is necessary for maintaining the cellular redox and osmotic potential, the homeostatic imbalance caused by treatment with a SaM1PDH inhibitor or knockout of the gene encoding SaM1PDH results in bacterial cell death through oxidative and/or mannitol-dependent cytolysis.Mannitol Salt Agar (MSA) is used as a selective and differential medium for the isolation and identification of Staphylococcus aureus from clinical and non-clinical specimens. It encourages the growth of a group of certain bacteria while inhibiting the growth of others.Mannitol Salt Agar (MSA) is used as a selective and differential medium for the isolation and identification of Staphylococcus aureus from clinical and non-clinical specimens. It encourages the growth of a group of certain bacteria while inhibiting the growth of others.Mannitol Salt Agar (MSA) is used as a selective and differential medium for the isolation and identification of Staphylococcus aureus from clinical and non-clinical specimens. It encourages the growth of a group of certain bacteria while inhibiting the growth of others.Mannitol Salt Agar (MSA) is used as a selective and differential medium for the isolation and identification of Staphylococcus aureus from clinical and non-clinical specimens. It encourages the growth of a group of certain bacteria while inhibiting the growth of others.Mannitol Salt Agar (MSA) is used as a selective and differential medium for the isolation and identification of Staphylococcus aureus from clinical and non-clinical specimens. It encourages the growth of a group of certain bacteria while inhibiting the growth of others.Mannitol Salt Agar (MSA) is used as a selective and differential medium for the isolation and identification of Staphylococcus aureus from clinical and non-clinical specimens. It encourages the growth of a group of certain bacteria while inhibiting the growth of others.milk in the medium. Colonies on blood agar are similar to that of nutrient agent.On nutrient agar, the colonies are large (2-4 diameter) circular, convex, smooth,

opaque and easily emulsifiable. Most strains produce pigment optimally at 22°C

and in aerobic cultures which is enhanced by adding 1% glycerol monacetate or

milk in the medium. Colonies on blood agar are similar to that of nutrient agent.

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D MANNITOL AR FOR BACTERIOLOGY

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